Mastodonplus.py/mastodon/Mastodon.py

755 líneas
28 KiB
Python

# coding: utf-8
import requests
import os
import os.path
import mimetypes
import time
import random
import string
import pytz
import datetime
import dateutil
import dateutil.parser
class Mastodon:
"""
Super basic but thorough and easy to use mastodon.social
api wrapper in python.
If anything is unclear, check the official API docs at
https://github.com/Gargron/mastodon/wiki/API
Presently, only username-password login is supported, somebody please
patch in Real Proper OAuth if desired.
"""
__DEFAULT_BASE_URL = 'https://mastodon.social'
__DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 300
###
# Registering apps
###
@staticmethod
def create_app(client_name, scopes = ['read', 'write', 'follow'], redirect_uris = None, to_file = None, api_base_url = __DEFAULT_BASE_URL, request_timeout = __DEFAULT_TIMEOUT):
"""
Create a new app with given client_name and scopes (read, write, follow)
Specify redirect_uris if you want users to be redirected to a certain page after authenticating.
Specify to_file to persist your apps info to a file so you can use them in the constructor.
Specify api_base_url if you want to register an app on an instance different from the flagship one.
Presently, app registration is open by default, but this is not guaranteed to be the case for all
future mastodon instances or even the flagship instance in the future.
Returns client_id and client_secret.
"""
request_data = {
'client_name': client_name,
'scopes': " ".join(scopes)
}
try:
if redirect_uris != None:
request_data['redirect_uris'] = redirect_uris;
else:
request_data['redirect_uris'] = 'urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob';
response = requests.post(api_base_url + '/api/v1/apps', data = request_data, timeout = request_timeout).json()
except Exception as e:
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
raise MastodonNetworkError("Could not complete request: %s" % e)
if to_file != None:
with open(to_file, 'w') as secret_file:
secret_file.write(response['client_id'] + '\n')
secret_file.write(response['client_secret'] + '\n')
return (response['client_id'], response['client_secret'])
###
# Authentication, including constructor
###
def __init__(self, client_id, client_secret = None, access_token = None, api_base_url = __DEFAULT_BASE_URL, debug_requests = False, ratelimit_method = "wait", ratelimit_pacefactor = 1.1, request_timeout = __DEFAULT_TIMEOUT):
"""
Create a new API wrapper instance based on the given client_secret and client_id. If you
give a client_id and it is not a file, you must also give a secret.
You can also specify an access_token, directly or as a file (as written by log_in).
Mastodon.py can try to respect rate limits in several ways, controlled by ratelimit_method.
"throw" makes functions throw a MastodonRatelimitError when the rate
limit is hit. "wait" mode will, once the limit is hit, wait and retry the request as soon
as the rate limit resets, until it succeeds. "pace" works like throw, but tries to wait in
between calls so that the limit is generally not hit (How hard it tries to not hit the rate
limit can be controlled by ratelimit_pacefactor). The default setting is "wait". Note that
even in "wait" and "pace" mode, requests can still fail due to network or other problems! Also
note that "pace" and "wait" are NOT thread safe.
Specify api_base_url if you wish to talk to an instance other than the flagship one.
If a file is given as client_id, read client ID and secret from that file.
By default, a timeout of 300 seconds is used for all requests. If you wish to change this,
pass the desired timeout (in seconds) as request_timeout.
"""
self.api_base_url = api_base_url
self.client_id = client_id
self.client_secret = client_secret
self.access_token = access_token
self.debug_requests = debug_requests
self.ratelimit_method = ratelimit_method
self.ratelimit_limit = 150
self.ratelimit_reset = time.time()
self.ratelimit_remaining = 150
self.ratelimit_lastcall = time.time()
self.ratelimit_pacefactor = ratelimit_pacefactor
self.request_timeout = request_timeout
if not ratelimit_method in ["throw", "wait", "pace"]:
raise MastodonIllegalArgumentError("Invalid ratelimit method.")
if os.path.isfile(self.client_id):
with open(self.client_id, 'r') as secret_file:
self.client_id = secret_file.readline().rstrip()
self.client_secret = secret_file.readline().rstrip()
else:
if self.client_secret == None:
raise MastodonIllegalArgumentError('Specified client id directly, but did not supply secret')
if self.access_token != None and os.path.isfile(self.access_token):
with open(self.access_token, 'r') as token_file:
self.access_token = token_file.readline().rstrip()
def log_in(self, username, password, scopes = ['read', 'write', 'follow'], to_file = None):
"""
Log in and sets access_token to what was returned. Note that your
username is the e-mail you use to log in into mastodon.
Can persist access token to file, to be used in the constructor.
Will throw a MastodonIllegalArgumentError if username / password
are wrong, scopes are not valid or granted scopes differ from requested.
Returns the access_token.
"""
params = self.__generate_params(locals())
params['client_id'] = self.client_id
params['client_secret'] = self.client_secret
params['grant_type'] = 'password'
params['scope'] = " ".join(scopes)
try:
response = self.__api_request('POST', '/oauth/token', params, do_ratelimiting = False)
self.access_token = response['access_token']
except Exception as e:
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
raise MastodonIllegalArgumentError('Invalid user name, password or scopes: %s' % e)
requested_scopes = " ".join(sorted(scopes))
received_scopes = " ".join(sorted(response["scope"].split(" ")))
if requested_scopes != received_scopes:
raise MastodonAPIError('Granted scopes "' + received_scopes + '" differ from requested scopes "' + requested_scopes + '".')
if to_file != None:
with open(to_file, 'w') as token_file:
token_file.write(response['access_token'] + '\n')
return response['access_token']
###
# Reading data: Timelines
##
def timeline(self, timeline = "home", max_id = None, since_id = None, limit = None):
"""
Fetch statuses, most recent ones first. Timeline can be home, mentions, local,
public, or tag/hashtag. See the following functions documentation for what those do.
The default timeline is the "home" timeline.
Returns a list of toot dicts.
"""
params_initial = locals()
if timeline == "local":
timeline = "public"
params_initial['local'] = True
params = self.__generate_params(params_initial, ['timeline'])
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/timelines/' + timeline, params)
def timeline_home(self, max_id = None, since_id = None, limit = None):
"""
Fetch the authenticated users home timeline (i.e. followed users and self).
Returns a list of toot dicts.
"""
return self.timeline('home', max_id = max_id, since_id = since_id, limit = limit)
def timeline_mentions(self, max_id = None, since_id = None, limit = None):
"""
Fetches the authenticated users mentions.
Returns a list of toot dicts.
"""
return self.timeline('mentions', max_id = max_id, since_id = since_id, limit = limit)
def timeline_local(self, max_id = None, since_id = None, limit = None):
"""
Fetches the local / instance-wide timeline.
Returns a list of toot dicts.
"""
return self.timeline('local', max_id = max_id, since_id = since_id, limit = limit)
def timeline_public(self, max_id = None, since_id = None, limit = None):
"""
Fetches the public / visible-network timeline.
Returns a list of toot dicts.
"""
return self.timeline('public', max_id = max_id, since_id = since_id, limit = limit)
def timeline_hashtag(self, hashtag, max_id = None, since_id = None, limit = None):
"""
Fetch a timeline of toots with a given hashtag.
Returns a list of toot dicts.
"""
return self.timeline('tag/' + str(hashtag), max_id = max_id, since_id = since_id, limit = limit)
###
# Reading data: Statuses
###
def status(self, id):
"""
Fetch information about a single toot.
Returns a toot dict.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/statuses/' + str(id))
def status_context(self, id):
"""
Fetch information about ancestors and descendants of a toot.
Returns a context dict.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/statuses/' + str(id) + '/context')
def status_reblogged_by(self, id):
"""
Fetch a list of users that have reblogged a status.
Returns a list of user dicts.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/statuses/' + str(id) + '/reblogged_by')
def status_favourited_by(self, id):
"""
Fetch a list of users that have favourited a status.
Returns a list of user dicts.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/statuses/' + str(id) + '/favourited_by')
###
# Reading data: Notifications
###
def notifications(self):
"""
Fetch notifications (mentions, favourites, reblogs, follows) for the authenticated
user.
Returns a list of notification dicts.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/notifications')
###
# Reading data: Accounts
###
def account(self, id):
"""
Fetch account information by user id.
Returns a user dict.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/accounts/' + str(id))
def account_verify_credentials(self):
"""
Fetch authenticated user's account information.
Returns a user dict.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/accounts/verify_credentials')
def account_statuses(self, id, max_id = None, since_id = None, limit = None):
"""
Fetch statuses by user id. Same options as timeline are permitted.
Returns a list of toot dicts.
"""
params = self.__generate_params(locals(), ['id'])
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/accounts/' + str(id) + '/statuses', params)
def account_following(self, id):
"""
Fetch users the given user is following.
Returns a list of user dicts.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/accounts/' + str(id) + '/following')
def account_followers(self, id):
"""
Fetch users the given user is followed by.
Returns a list of user dicts.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/accounts/' + str(id) + '/followers')
def account_relationships(self, id):
"""
Fetch relationships (following, followed_by, blocking) of the logged in user to
a given account. id can be a list.
Returns a list of relationship dicts.
"""
params = self.__generate_params(locals())
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/accounts/relationships', params)
def account_search(self, q, limit = None):
"""
Fetch matching accounts. Will lookup an account remotely if the search term is
in the username@domain format and not yet in the database.
Returns a list of user dicts.
"""
params = self.__generate_params(locals())
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/accounts/search', params)
###
# Reading data: Mutes and Blocks
###
def mutes(self):
"""
Fetch a list of users muted by the authenticated user.
Returns a list of user dicts.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/mutes')
def blocks(self):
"""
Fetch a list of users blocked by the authenticated user.
Returns a list of user dicts.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/blocks')
###
# Reading data: Favourites
###
def favourites(self):
"""
Fetch the authenticated user's favourited statuses.
Returns a list of toot dicts.
"""
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/favourites')
###
# Reading data: Follow requests
###
def follow_requests(self, max_id = None, since_id = None, limit = None):
"""
Fetch the authenticated user's incoming follow requests.
Returns a list of user dicts.
"""
params = self.__generate_params(locals())
return self.__api_request('GET', '/api/v1/follow_requests', params)
###
# Writing data: Statuses
###
def status_post(self, status, in_reply_to_id = None, media_ids = None, sensitive = False, visibility = '', spoiler_text = None):
"""
Post a status. Can optionally be in reply to another status and contain
up to four pieces of media (Uploaded via media_post()). media_ids can
also be the media dicts returned by media_post - they are unpacked
automatically.
The 'sensitive' boolean decides whether or not media attached to the post
should be marked as sensitive, which hides it by default on the Mastodon
web front-end.
The visibility parameter is a string value and matches the visibility
option on the /api/v1/status POST API endpoint. It accepts any of:
'private' - post will be visible only to followers
'unlisted' - post will be public but not appear on the public timeline
'public' - post will be public
If not passed in, visibility defaults to match the current account's
privacy setting (private if the account is locked, public otherwise).
The spoiler_text parameter is a string to be shown as a warning before
the text of the status. If no text is passed in, no warning will be
displayed.
Returns a toot dict with the new status.
"""
params_initial = locals()
# Validate visibility parameter
valid_visibilities = ['private', 'public', 'unlisted', '']
if params_initial['visibility'].lower() not in valid_visibilities:
raise ValueError('Invalid visibility value! Acceptable values are %s' % valid_visibilities)
if params_initial['sensitive'] == False:
del[params_initial['sensitive']]
if media_ids != None:
try:
media_ids_proper = []
for media_id in media_ids:
if isinstance(media_id, dict):
media_ids_proper.append(media_id["id"])
else:
media_ids_proper.append(media_id)
except Exception as e:
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
raise MastodonIllegalArgumentError("Invalid media dict: %s" % e)
params_initial["media_ids"] = media_ids_proper
params = self.__generate_params(params_initial)
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/statuses', params)
def toot(self, status):
"""
Synonym for status_post that only takes the status text as input.
Returns a toot dict with the new status.
"""
return self.status_post(status)
def status_delete(self, id):
"""
Delete a status
Returns an empty dict for good measure.
"""
return self.__api_request('DELETE', '/api/v1/statuses/' + str(id))
def status_reblog(self, id):
"""Reblog a status.
Returns a toot with with a new status that wraps around the reblogged one.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/statuses/' + str(id) + "/reblog")
def status_unreblog(self, id):
"""
Un-reblog a status.
Returns a toot dict with the status that used to be reblogged.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/statuses/' + str(id) + "/unreblog")
def status_favourite(self, id):
"""
Favourite a status.
Returns a toot dict with the favourited status.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/statuses/' + str(id) + "/favourite")
def status_unfavourite(self, id):
"""
Un-favourite a status.
Returns a toot dict with the un-favourited status.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/statuses/' + str(id) + "/unfavourite")
###
# Writing data: Accounts
###
def account_follow(self, id):
"""
Follow a user.
Returns a relationship dict containing the updated relationship to the user.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/accounts/' + str(id) + "/follow")
def account_unfollow(self, id):
"""
Unfollow a user.
Returns a relationship dict containing the updated relationship to the user.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/accounts/' + str(id) + "/unfollow")
def account_block(self, id):
"""
Block a user.
Returns a relationship dict containing the updated relationship to the user.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/accounts/' + str(id) + "/block")
def account_unblock(self, id):
"""
Unblock a user.
Returns a relationship dict containing the updated relationship to the user.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/accounts/' + str(id) + "/unblock")
def account_mute(self, id):
"""
Mute a user.
Returns a relationship dict containing the updated relationship to the user.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/accounts/' + str(id) + "/mute")
def account_unmute(self, id):
"""
Unmute a user.
Returns a relationship dict containing the updated relationship to the user.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/accounts/' + str(id) + "/unmute")
###
# Writing data: Follow requests
###
def follow_request_authorize(self, id):
"""
Accept an incoming follow request.
Returns a user dict of the authorized account.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/follow_requests/' + str(id) + "/authorize")
def follow_request_reject(self, id):
"""
Reject an incoming follow request.
Returns a user dict of the rejected account.
"""
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/follow_requests/' + str(id) + "/reject")
###
# Writing data: Media
###
def media_post(self, media_file, mime_type = None):
"""
Post an image. media_file can either be image data or
a file name. If image data is passed directly, the mime
type has to be specified manually, otherwise, it is
determined from the file name.
Throws a MastodonIllegalArgumentError if the mime type of the
passed data or file can not be determined properly.
Returns a media dict. This contains the id that can be used in
status_post to attach the media file to a toot.
"""
if os.path.isfile(media_file) and mime_type == None:
mime_type = mimetypes.guess_type(media_file)[0]
media_file = open(media_file, 'rb')
if mime_type == None:
raise MastodonIllegalArgumentError('Could not determine mime type or data passed directly without mime type.')
random_suffix = ''.join(random.choice(string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits) for _ in range(10))
file_name = "mastodonpyupload_" + str(time.time()) + "_" + str(random_suffix) + mimetypes.guess_extension(mime_type)
media_file_description = (file_name, media_file, mime_type)
return self.__api_request('POST', '/api/v1/media', files = {'file': media_file_description})
###
# Internal helpers, dragons probably
###
def __datetime_to_epoch(self, date_time):
"""
Converts a python datetime to unix epoch, accounting for
time zones and such.
Assumes UTC if timezone is not given.
"""
date_time_utc = None
if date_time.tzinfo == None:
date_time_utc = date_time.replace(tzinfo = pytz.utc)
else:
date_time_utc = date_time.astimezone(pytz.utc)
epoch_utc = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(0).replace(tzinfo = pytz.utc)
return (date_time_utc - epoch_utc).total_seconds()
def __api_request(self, method, endpoint, params = {}, files = {}, do_ratelimiting = True):
"""
Internal API request helper.
"""
response = None
headers = None
# "pace" mode ratelimiting: Assume constant rate of requests, sleep a little less long than it
# would take to not hit the rate limit at that request rate.
if do_ratelimiting and self.ratelimit_method == "pace":
if self.ratelimit_remaining == 0:
to_next = self.ratelimit_reset - time.time()
if to_next > 0:
# As a precaution, never sleep longer than 5 minutes
to_next = min(to_next, 5 * 60)
time.sleep(to_next)
else:
time_waited = time.time() - self.ratelimit_lastcall
time_wait = float(self.ratelimit_reset - time.time()) / float(self.ratelimit_remaining)
remaining_wait = time_wait - time_waited
if remaining_wait > 0:
to_next = remaining_wait / self.ratelimit_pacefactor
to_next = min(to_next, 5 * 60)
time.sleep(to_next)
# Generate request headers
if self.access_token != None:
headers = {'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + self.access_token}
if self.debug_requests == True:
print('Mastodon: Request to endpoint "' + endpoint + '" using method "' + method + '".')
print('Parameters: ' + str(params))
print('Headers: ' + str(headers))
print('Files: ' + str(files))
# Make request
request_complete = False
while not request_complete:
request_complete = True
response_object = None
try:
if method == 'GET':
response_object = requests.get(self.api_base_url + endpoint, data = params, headers = headers, files = files, timeout = self.request_timeout)
if method == 'POST':
response_object = requests.post(self.api_base_url + endpoint, data = params, headers = headers, files = files, timeout = self.request_timeout)
if method == 'DELETE':
response_object = requests.delete(self.api_base_url + endpoint, data = params, headers = headers, files = files, timeout = self.request_timeout)
except Exception as e:
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
raise MastodonNetworkError("Could not complete request: %s" % e)
if response_object == None:
raise MastodonIllegalArgumentError("Illegal request.")
# Handle response
if self.debug_requests == True:
print('Mastodon: Response received with code ' + str(response_object.status_code) + '.')
print('response headers: ' + str(response_object.headers))
print('Response text content: ' + str(response_object.text))
if response_object.status_code == 404:
raise MastodonAPIError('Endpoint not found.')
if response_object.status_code == 500:
raise MastodonAPIError('General API problem.')
try:
response = response_object.json()
except:
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
raise MastodonAPIError("Could not parse response as JSON, response code was %s, bad json content was '%s'" % (response_object.status_code, response_object.content))
# Handle rate limiting
if 'X-RateLimit-Remaining' in response_object.headers and do_ratelimiting:
self.ratelimit_remaining = int(response_object.headers['X-RateLimit-Remaining'])
self.ratelimit_limit = int(response_object.headers['X-RateLimit-Limit'])
try:
ratelimit_reset_datetime = dateutil.parser.parse(response_object.headers['X-RateLimit-Reset'])
self.ratelimit_reset = self.__datetime_to_epoch(ratelimit_reset_datetime)
# Adjust server time to local clock
server_time_datetime = dateutil.parser.parse(response_object.headers['Date'])
server_time = self.__datetime_to_epoch(server_time_datetime)
server_time_diff = time.time() - server_time
self.ratelimit_reset += server_time_diff
self.ratelimit_lastcall = time.time()
except Exception as e:
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
raise MastodonRatelimitError("Rate limit time calculations failed: %s" % e)
if "error" in response and response["error"] == "Throttled":
if self.ratelimit_method == "throw":
raise MastodonRatelimitError("Hit rate limit.")
if self.ratelimit_method == "wait" or self.ratelimit_method == "pace":
to_next = self.ratelimit_reset - time.time()
if to_next > 0:
# As a precaution, never sleep longer than 5 minutes
to_next = min(to_next, 5 * 60)
time.sleep(to_next)
request_complete = False
return response
def __generate_params(self, params, exclude = []):
"""
Internal named-parameters-to-dict helper.
Note for developers: If called with locals() as params,
as is the usual practice in this code, the __generate_params call
(or at least the locals() call) should generally be the first thing
in your function.
"""
params = dict(params)
del params['self']
param_keys = list(params.keys())
for key in param_keys:
if params[key] == None or key in exclude:
del params[key]
param_keys = list(params.keys())
for key in param_keys:
if isinstance(params[key], list):
params[key + "[]"] = params[key]
del params[key]
return params
##
# Exceptions
##
class MastodonIllegalArgumentError(ValueError):
pass
class MastodonFileNotFoundError(IOError):
pass
class MastodonNetworkError(IOError):
pass
class MastodonAPIError(Exception):
pass
class MastodonRatelimitError(Exception):
pass